Animal Nutrition State VO PYQs Results QUIZ START #1. Part of feed dry matter which consists mostly of sugars and starches is referred to as: Crude Fiber Crude Protein Nitrogen Free Extract (NFE) Ether Extract Previous Next #2. The collection period for a standard digestibility trial in large ruminants should typically be: 1 to 2 days 3 to 5 days 10 to 14 days 21 to 28 days Previous Next #3. The proportion of absorbed nitrogen that is retained by the animal body and utilized for synthesizing body tissue is called: Digestibility Coefficient Biological Value (BV) Net Protein Utilization Protein Efficiency Ratio Previous Next #4. The physical processing of roughages by chaffing has which of the following combined benefits? Prevents animal selection, increases intake, and reduces chewing energy Increases crude fiber content Decreases lignin content None of the above Previous Next #5. In determining forage digestibility by the in situ / nylon bag technique, the feed samples are suspended in: Abomasum Duodenum Rumen (via permanent cannula) Ileum Previous Next #6. The single most critical physiological factor affecting the digestibility of a forage crop is its: Soil nitrogen levels Stage of maturity at harvest Method of chopping Ambient temperature Previous Next #7. Which of the following chemical compounds is most commonly employed as an external marker for determining feed digestibility? Lignin Silica Chromic oxide (also Titanium dioxide, Carmine red) Acid insoluble ash Previous Next #8. Identify the most dependable and commonly used internal marker for estimating the digestibility of pasture crops. Chromic oxide Cobalt sulfate Lignin (or Acid-insoluble ash, Silica) Polyethylene glycol Previous Next #9. In the two-stage in vitro rumen digestibility technique (Tilley and Terry), the second stage simulates: Anaerobic microbial fermentation Enzymatic digestion (acid pepsin incubation) Aerobic bacterial oxidation None of the above Previous Next #10. The ‘Sona Ray’ ultrasonic or radiographic devices recently developed in swine farming are primarily used to estimate: Daily feed intake Back fat thickness Sperm progressive motility Litter size Previous Next #11. When faecal energy is subtracted from the gross energy (GE) of a feedstuff, the resulting energy value is: Net Energy (NE) Metabolizable Energy (ME) Digestible Energy (DE) Physiological Fuel Value Previous Next #12. In ruminants, Metabolizable Energy (ME) is calculated from Digestible Energy (DE) by multiplying with which standard factor? 0.50 0.70 0.82 0.95 Previous Next #13. In Indian feeding standards, the energy requirement of dairy cattle and buffaloes is primarily expressed in terms of: Starch Equivalent (SE) Net Energy (NE) Total Digestible Nutrients (TDN) Digestible Crude Protein (DCP) Previous Next #14. Who originally developed the ‘Starch Equivalent’ net energy system for evaluating animal feedstuffs? Morrison Armsby Oskar Kellner Haecker Previous Next #15. Which of the following organic nutrients possesses the highest Respiratory Quotient (RQ) value of 1.0? Fats Proteins Carbohydrates Organic acids Previous Next #16. Which of the following is classified as a non-caloric physiological function of fats in the animal body? Absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) and protection of internal organs Providing metabolic water during oxidation Synthesizing volatile fatty acids None of the above Previous Next #17. Feeding of rumen bypass (protected) protein is highly advisable and economically viable for which class of cattle? Low-yielding indigenous cows High-yielding dairy cows producing more than 15 kg milk/day Dry cows Growing calves Previous Next #18. Which of the following chemical or physical treatments is most commonly used to protect dietary proteins from microbial degradation in the rumen? Sodium hydroxide treatment Formaldehyde treatment (or Heat treatment) Urea ammoniation Acid silage treatment Previous Next #19. According to standard classification, a feedstuff is categorized as a protein supplement if it contains: Less than 20% Crude Protein and less than 18% Crude Fiber More than 20% Crude Protein and less than 18% Crude Fiber More than 35% Crude Protein and more than 18% Crude Fiber None of the above Previous Next #20. A feedstuff is classified as an energy supplement/concentrate if it contains: More than 20% Crude Protein and less than 18% Crude Fiber Less than 20% Crude Protein and less than 18% Crude Fiber Less than 10% Crude Protein and more than 18% Crude Fiber None of the above Previous Next #21. Which essential trace mineral must be present in the diet of ruminants for the synthesis of Vitamin B12 by rumen microbes? Zinc Copper Cobalt Manganese Previous Next #22. White muscle disease in calves and lambs is caused by a nutritional deficiency of which mineral or vitamin? Vitamin A and Calcium Vitamin E and Selenium Vitamin C and Copper Thiamine and Magnesium Previous Next #23. Chronic or subacute selenium poisoning in cattle and sheep grazing on seleniferous soils causes which clinical conditions? Grass tetany and Milk fever Blind Staggers and Alkali Disease Porcine parakeratosis Swayback disease Previous Next #24. Which mineral element is a vital constituent of sulfur-containing amino acids and is highly essential for wool growth in sheep? Calcium Phosphorus Sulfur Cobalt Previous Next #25. The dermatological condition known as ‘Parakeratosis’ in growing swine is caused by a deficiency of: Zinc (exacerbated by high dietary Calcium) Cobalt (exacerbated by low Copper) Manganese Iron Previous Next #26. The deficiency of which trace mineral or B-vitamin in poultry diets causes ‘slipped tendon’ or perosis? Copper Manganese (or Choline, Biotin, Niacin) Vitamin E Vitamin B12 Previous Next #27. The pasture-associated secondary copper deficiency known as ‘Teart’ or peat scours is caused by an excess of which antagonist element? Zinc Molybdenum Fluorine Iron Previous Next #28. Enzootic neonatal ataxia (swayback) in lambs and kids is a neurological defect caused by the gestational deficiency of: Calcium Cobalt Copper Selenium Previous Next #29. The condition known as ‘thumps’ or piglet anemia is caused by a maternal deficiency in milk of which mineral? Iron (alleviated by injecting Iron Dextran on Day 3) Copper Manganese Zinc Previous Next #30. The highly fatal clinical condition ‘Grass Tetany’ or grass staggers in grazing cattle is caused by an acute deficiency of: Calcium Phosphorus Magnesium Sodium Previous Next #31. The chewing of bones, wood, or dirt (Pica/allotriophagia) by cattle and buffaloes is a classical sign of which mineral deficiency? Calcium Phosphorus Magnesium Potassium Previous Next #32. Nyctalopia (night blindness) and xerophthalmia in calves are classical deficiency signs of which fat-soluble vitamin? Vitamin D Vitamin E Vitamin A (carotene is the precursor) Vitamin K Previous Next #33. Which form of Vitamin D is highly effective (nearly 10 times more) than Vitamin D2 in poultry and chicks? Vitamin D2 (Ergocalciferol) Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) 1,25-dihydroxy Vitamin D3 Vitamin D4 Previous Next #34. What is the biochemically active form of Vitamin D in the animal body? Cholecalciferol 25-hydroxycholecalciferol 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (Calcitriol) Ergocalciferol Previous Next #35. The neurological condition known as ‘Crazy Chick Disease’ (encephalomalacia) in poultry is caused by a deficiency of: Vitamin A Vitamin B12 Vitamin E Vitamin K Previous Next #36. Which fat-soluble vitamin plays an indispensable role in the hepatic synthesis of prothrombin and blood clotting? Vitamin A Vitamin E Vitamin K Vitamin D Previous Next #37. The typical neurological deformity ‘Curled Toe Paralysis’ in growing chicks is pathognomonic for the deficiency of: Thiamine (Vitamin B1) Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) Niacin Pantothenic acid Previous Next #38. The abnormal locomotive gait known as ‘goose-stepping’ in growing pigs is caused by the deficiency of: Thiamine Riboflavin Pantothenic acid Pyridoxine Previous Next #39. Which of the following animals is incapable of synthesizing Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) and must receive it in their diet? Cattle and Buffaloes Humans, Primates, and Guinea Pigs Pigs and Poultry Dogs and Cats Previous Next #40. Which domestic animal is incapable of converting the amino acid tryptophan into niacin? Dog Pig Cat Cow Previous Next #41. Which forage crop is considered the absolute best for silage making due to its high water-soluble carbohydrate content? Lucerne (Alfalfa) Berseem Maize (corn) Napier grass Previous Next #42. A very good quality silage should possess an ultimate acidic pH value ranging between: 3.0 to 3.5 3.7 to 4.2 4.5 to 5.0 5.5 to 6.0 Previous Next #43. What is the most effective and commonly used silage additive to provide a source of fermentable sugar and stimulate lactic acid production? Urea Formic acid Molasses (at 2-3%) Salt Previous Next #44. For proper and efficient rumen fermentation, the density times digestibility value of the total feed should be around: 10 to 15 20 to 25 30 to 35 50 to 60 Previous Next #45. Which leguminous forage crop is considered the queen of forages and is highly suited for making high-protein hay? Maize Oat Lucerne (Alfalfa) Guinea grass Previous Next #46. For safe and stable storage of hay without mold growth, the moisture content of the chopped hay should be less than: 15% (or dry matter of 85%) 25% 35% 50% Previous Next #47. By definition, green succulent forage crops contain moisture levels typically ranging between: 10% to 20% 30% to 40% 60% to 90% 95% to 98% Previous Next #48. The Digestible Crude Protein (DCP) value of untreated dry wheat straw in ruminant feeding is approximately: 0.0% 2.0% 5.0% 8.0% Previous Next #49. The nutritional quality and digestibility of dry crop residues (straws/stovers) can be physically or chemically improved by: Chaffing and pelleting Urea treatment (ammoniation) or Alkali treatment Steam boiling None of the above Previous Next #50. For the chemical treatment of paddy straw to improve its nutritive value, the standard formulation uses: 1% Urea, 10% moisture, stacked for 1 week 4% Urea, 30-40% moisture, stacked for 3-4 weeks 10% Urea, 80% moisture, stacked for 2 days None of the above Previous Next #51. The recommended rate of feeding colostrum to a newborn calf within the first few hours of life is: 1% of its body weight 5% of its body weight 10% of its body weight (1/10th) 20% of its body weight Previous Next #52. The practice of feeding an extra allowance of concentrates to pregnant dairy cows during the last quarter of pregnancy is called: Steaming up Flushing Challenge feeding Creep feeding Previous Next #53. The nutritional strategy of feeding extra concentrates starting 2 weeks before calving and continuing till peak lactation is termed: Flushing Challenge feeding Creep feeding Steaming up Previous Next #54. To minimize the incidence of parturient paresis (milk fever) in transition dairy cows, they should be fed: A highly alkaline diet A negative DCAD (anionic) diet pre-partum (acidifies blood, mobilizes Ca) High levels of calcium directly pre-partum None of the above Previous Next #55. In the rumen of cattle and buffaloes, methane is primarily produced by the action of which methanogenic organism? Ruminococcus albus Fibrobacter succinogenes Methanobacterium ruminantium Streptococcus bovis Previous Next #56. Rumen bypass fat (calcium salts of long-chain fatty acids) is fed to high-yielding dairy cows to: Improve rumen microbial protein synthesis Increase energy density of the diet without depressing fiber digestion Lower milk fat depression Alleviate acidosis Previous Next #57. For the nutritional maintenance of mature sheep, the ratio of digestible crude protein (DCP) to total digestible nutrients (TDN) should be: 1:5 1:10 1:20 1:30 Previous Next #58. The practice of ‘flushing’ (feeding extra concentrates 2-3 weeks before mating) improves the lambing rate by: 5% 10% 15% to 25% (by increasing ovulation rate) 50% Previous Next #59. Pregnancy toxemia or ‘Twin Lamb Disease’ in pregnant ewes is caused by a severe deficiency of: Calcium Glucose / Metabolizable Energy in late gestation carrying twin/triplet fetuses Protein and trace minerals Vitamin D3 Previous Next #60. The normal water intake of adult cattle for every kilogram of dry matter (DM) consumed is approximately: 1 to 2 litres 3 to 5 litres 8 to 10 litres 12 to 15 litres Previous Next #61. Identify the glandular portion of the poultry digestive system that acts as the true stomach. Crop Proventriculus (Gizzard is the ventriculus) Gizzard Coeca Previous Next #62. Which two essential amino acids are considered the most limiting in typical commercial poultry diets? Lysine and Methionine Arginine and Histidine Tryptophan and Threonine Leucine and Isoleucine Previous Next #63. The maximum safe level of sodium chloride (salt) incorporation in commercial poultry diets is: 0.5% (excess causes wet litter and salt toxicity) 1.5% 2.5% 5.0% Previous Next #64. Growing piglets are highly susceptible to ‘thumps’ or piglet anemia due to the exceptionally low concentration of which element in sow’s milk? Copper Zinc Iron Cobalt Previous Next #65. According to standard feeding recommendations, the maximum crude fiber percentage in pig finishing rations is: 4% 8% 12% 16% Previous Next #66. Guinea pigs have an absolute dietary requirement for Vitamin C because they lack which functional enzyme? L-gulonolactone oxidase L-ascorbate oxidase Glucuronidase Galactosidase Previous Next #67. Among domestic animals, which species possesses the lowest capacity for crude fiber digestion? Pig Dog (and Cat) Horse Rabbit Previous Next #68. The principal anti-nutritional factor present in raw soybean meal that inhibits protein digestion is: Gossypol Trypsin inhibitor (destroyed by heat treatment/toasting) Tannin Mimosine Previous Next #69. Identify the highly toxic glycoprotein present in castor bean meal that renders it unfit for animal consumption. Mimosine Ricin Solanine Glucosinolate Previous Next #70. Salseed meal contains high levels of which anti-nutritional factor that binds dietary proteins and depresses feed intake? Aflatoxin Free Gossypol Tannin Cyanogenetic glycoside Previous Next #71. The toxic pigment present in cottonseed cake that causes cardiac and hepatic damage in non-ruminants is: Mimosine Ricin Free Gossypol (can be detoxified by adding Ferrous sulfate) Aflatoxin Previous Next #72. The carcinogenic anti-nutritional toxin commonly found in moldy groundnut cake is: Ricin Mimosine Aflatoxin (produced by Aspergillus flavus) Gossypol Previous Next #73. The toxic amino acid mimosine present in Subabul leaves causes alopecia and poor growth, and is degraded in the rumen into: 3,4-DHP (degraded by specific rumen bacteria like Synergistes jonesii) Skatole Indole Prussic acid Previous Next #74. Young sorghum (Jowar) plants contain which glycoside that hydrolyzes in the rumen to cause highly fatal cyanide poisoning? Sinigrin Linamarin Dhurrin (Cyanogenetic glycoside) Solanine Previous Next #75. Raw fish contains which enzyme that destroys dietary thiamine, leading to Chastek paralysis in furbearers and cats? Thiaminase Amylase Protease Lactase Previous Next #76. Raw egg white contains which biotin-binding protein that can induce severe biotin deficiency if fed to animals? Albumin Avidin Globulin Ovomucoid Previous Next #77. Feeding of ionophore antibiotics (like Monensin or Lasalocid) in ruminants selectively alters rumen fermentation to increase: Acetic acid production Propionic acid production (and decrease methane) Butyric acid production Lactic acid production Previous Next #78. Which synthetic feed additive is commonly incorporated into high-fat animal diets to prevent rancidity and lipid oxidation? Urea Bentonite Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) or Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) Formaldehyde Previous Finish
